Apache Maven Installation for Java Developers (Ubuntu, JDK 17, SDKMAN and CI/CD)
🎯 What Will You Learn in This Guide?
This guide is a step-by-step guide to installing Apache Maven 3.9.9 on Ubuntu and configuring JDK 17 (LTS).
It also explains comparatively SDKMAN, manual installation and CI/CD automation methods.
With this guide:
- ☕ You will complete the Maven and JDK 17 installation safely.
- ⚙️ You will learn how to set JAVA_HOME and M2_HOME variables correctly.
- 🧠 You will understand how to integrate Maven into CI/CD pipelines.
🧱 1. Prerequisites
What you need:
- Ubuntu 22.04+ (example: GenixNode virtual server)
- sudo privilege
- Basic terminal information
- Internet connection
☕ 2. JDK 17 Installation
Maven requires the Java Development Kit (JDK) to run.
JDK 17 is the recommended version as it offers long-term support (LTS).
2.1 Installation with APT (Recommended)
sudo apt update
sudo apt install openjdk-17-jdk -y
2.2 Setting JAVA_HOME Variable
echo 'export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-17-openjdk-amd64' >> ~/.profile
echo 'export PATH="$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.profile
source ~/.profile
java -version
✅ If you see "openjdk version 17.0.x" in the output, the installation is complete.
🧰 3. Apache Maven Installation Methods
🔹 Method A: APT (Easy and Safe)
sudo apt update
sudo apt install maven -y
mvn -version
⚠️ Note: The version in Ubuntu repositories is usually a few versions behind.
🔹 Method B: Installing from Binary (Latest Version)
wget https://dlcdn.apache.org/maven/maven-3/3.9.9/binaries/apache-maven-3.9.9-bin.tar.gz
tar -xvf apache-maven-3.9.9-bin.tar.gz
sudo mv apache-maven-3.9.9 /opt/
Set environment variables:
echo 'export M2_HOME=/opt/apache-maven-3.9.9' >> ~/.profile
echo 'export PATH="$M2_HOME/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.profile
source ~/.profile
mvn -version
🔹 Method C: SDKMAN (For Release Management)
curl -s "https://get.sdkman.io" | bash
source "$HOME/.sdkman/bin/sdkman-init.sh"
sdk install maven 3.9.9
mvn -version
The version can be changed instantly with the sdk use maven <sürüm> command.
🧪 4. Test Maven Installation (Hello World)
Create Project:
mkdir maven-ilk-proje && cd maven-ilk-proje
mvn archetype:generate -DgroupId=com.genixnode -DartifactId=merhaba-dunya \
-DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-quickstart -DinteractiveMode=false
Compile and Package:
cd merhaba-dunya
mvn package
java -cp target/merhaba-dunya-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar com.genixnode.App
✅ Expected output:
Hello World!
🤖 5. CI/CD Integration and Performance Optimization
Dockerfile Example:
FROM ubuntu:22.04
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y openjdk-17-jdk maven
WORKDIR /app
COPY . .
RUN mvn -B clean install
💡 This framework ensures isolated and repeatable builds in CI/CD pipelines.
Speed Increase with Parallel Compilation
mvn -T 1C clean install
The -T 1C parameter speeds up compilation by turning on one thread per CPU core.
❓ Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
1. Why are JAVA_HOME and M2_HOME important?
JAVA_HOME ensures Maven finds the correct JDK. M2_HOME indicates the Maven installation directory.
2. What should I do if the mvn command is not found?
Reload environment variables with the source ~/.profile command. Make sure the outputs of echo $JAVA_HOME and echo $M2_HOME are correct.
3. Which method is recommended for a production environment?
SDKMAN or manual binary installation provides the latest versions and full control.
APT is only suitable for simple, single-server installations.
4. What is the “Could not find artifact” error?
Occurs when Maven cannot find the dependency.
Check your internet connection.
Clean the ~/.m2/repository directory.
Verify proxy settings in ~/.m2/settings.xml.
🏁 Result
You have now completed the installation of Apache Maven 3.9.9 + JDK 17 on your Ubuntu system. With this infrastructure, you can compile Java projects, create CI/CD pipelines and test them safely on GenixNode. 🚀
☁️ You can automatically configure Maven and JDK environments on the GenixNode infrastructure and run them in seconds.